中风的风险

预防中风

Risk factors are things about you or lifestyle habits that increase the risk of disease. 而你无法控制自己的年龄, 性别或遗传, many of the risk factors for stroke are manageable. 和, since most of the risk factors for stroke are the same as for 心脏病, you really get double the benefit by reducing your stroke risks. Risk factors that increase your chance of developing a stroke include:

滥用酒精/药品/烟草
心房纤颤
糖尿病
高胆固醇
高血压
History of TIAs [Transient Ischemic Attack or "mini-stroke"]
超重或肥胖
镰状细胞性贫血
睡眠呼吸暂停

It is important that people with risk factors for stroke or 心脏病 to work with their health care providers to improve their risks. 例如, 如果你有高胆固醇, a change in diet or medications can improve your cholesterol level and reduce your risk of stroke. Work with your health care provider to reduce or control as many risk factors as you can.

我一个人能做什么?

It used to be believed that if you have a history of stroke in your family, 你注定会中风. 这并不一定正确. While there may be a genetic component to 心脏病 and stroke, there are lots of things you can do to reduce your risk factors. 有些比其他更容易. You should check with your health care provider to help you identify your risks for stroke and to help you reduce those risks.

The following are some things you can do on your own:

不要使用烟草. 烟草使用是头号杀手. 1 preventable cause of serious illness such as stroke, 心脏病, 肺癌和慢性肺病.
积极锻炼身体. 体育活动可以降低血压, 降低血液胆固醇, 帮助减肥, 并降低患糖尿病的风险.
吃健康食品. Foods high in saturated fats and cholesterol contribute to atherosclerosis, 是心脏病发作和中风的主要原因. Lots of salt in the diet can also make high blood pressure worse for some people.
注意体重. 肥胖是中风的主要危险因素. Work with your health care provider to find a healthy approach to weight loss that will work for you, improve your health and reduce your risks for stroke.
避免过量饮酒. 任何东西吃太多都对你不好. While one or two drinks may be beneficial in increasing "good" HDL cholesterol, too much alcohol can contribute to high blood pressure, 超重和糖尿病.

我还能做什么呢?

Visit your doctor or other health care provider regularly. Your doctor can help you identify your risk factors for stroke. Regular check-ups gives your healthcare provider the opportunity to evaluate your progress towards reducing your risks by checking your blood pressure, 胆固醇水平, 糖尿病, 还有其他风险因素. Your doctor is an important partner in helping you to identify risks for stroke and helping you move towards a healthier lifestyle.

什么是笔画?

A Stroke is a disruption of blood flow to a part of the brain. This causes the brain cells in the area beyond the disruption to die because they do not get the oxygen they need from the blood. A stroke can be cause by either a blockage (ischemic stroke) or by a rupture of a blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). 大多数中风是由血管堵塞引起的. 当堵塞是中风的原因, it can be caused by a blood clot or by a particle of other material. An ischemic (Iss-kee-mic) stroke is similar to a heart attack, but occurs in the brain. 它有时被称为“脑梗塞”。.
中风的症状是什么?

快速中风症状
Stroke symptoms vary widely, depending on the area of the brain where the disruption has occurred. When brain cells are injured by a stroke and can't work, the area of the body they control cannot work either. A stroke can affect the senses, movement of the body, speech, and the ability to understand speech. Any sudden symptoms like these need immediate medical evaluation. 中风症状的例子包括:

Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm of leg, especially on one side of the body.
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding.
一只或两只眼睛突然看不见东西.
Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination.
不明原因的突然剧烈头痛.

What is the difference between a TIA and a Stroke?

Sometimes people experience stroke-like symptoms that only last a very short time, 有时只有几分钟. These may be due to a "mini-stroke" called a Transient Ischemic Attack or TIA. tia是中风的重要警告信号. Many people ignore these warnings because the symptoms get better very quickly. This can be dangerous because TIAs can progress to a stroke that does not get better. 经常, there are treatments that can be started to prevent a TIA from becoming a stroke, or at least to reduce the chance of a stroke happening.

What should I do if I am having stroke-like symptoms?

The key to stroke care and recovery is early detection and medical attention. 太频繁了, stroke sufferers do not receive medical care because the warning signs, 这可能只持续几分钟, 被忽略. If you or someone you know is experiencing stroke -like symptoms, you should call 911. An ambulance can take you to a hospital that can treat strokes. It is important to have your symptoms evaluated at the hospital, 即使他们在你到达之前就离开了. There are medications available for treating some strokes which can help prevent disability caused by strokes. While not everyone will be able to receive these special medications, 你被评估得越快, the more likely this treatment will be an option for you.